I work at a store that sells dog booties so I have fitted a lot of dogs for them and watched them react. Some dogs really will not tolerate having them on their feet. If there is any way you can find a place that will let you try them on, that is really the best way to go. Or if you have to order them online, make sure they are returnable.
Aside from actual boots we also sell these, which are just a layer of rubber kind of like a balloon:
http://pawzdogboots.com/about/Some dogs tolerate these better because it's not, like, a large object on their foot. The downside is that they are harder to put on - they stay on because they are stretchy and skin tight, so you need to stretch them way out to put them on, kind of like putting on pantyhose. It takes two hands, so if you're going to have to hold the dog still to get him to cooperate, it's a two person job.
Unlike boots, the Pawz don't have insulation or anything, but since the feet don't get wet and don't get snow stuck in the toes and stuff, it's still better than bare feet.
The least intrusive alternative if the dog won't tolerate either is musher's wax, which will at least keep snow from sticking in the toes. So both that and the Pawz should solve the limping problem and really might be enough. I mean, they are animals, what do they wear to insulate their feet in the wild, you know?
My dogs don't personally wear any of these because they will not tolerate having their feet handled at all, and also, they don't believe in being outdoors if the weather is bad enough for a dog to need boots. But they do seem to work for some dogs.